{"id":7894,"date":"2025-07-06T08:26:24","date_gmt":"2025-07-06T08:26:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/artur-rok-intel-orqasidagi-yashirin-goya-va-venchur-kapitalning-otasi\/"},"modified":"2025-07-06T08:37:04","modified_gmt":"2025-07-06T08:37:04","slug":"artur-rok-intel-orqasidagi-yashirin-goya-va-venchur-kapitalning-otasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/artur-rok-intel-orqasidagi-yashirin-goya-va-venchur-kapitalning-otasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Artur Rok: Intel orqasidagi yashirin g\u2018oya va venchur kapitalning otasi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Venchur kapital nega kerak bo\u2018ldi?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n

1940\u201350-yillarda AQShda texnologik kompaniyalarni moliyalashtirish banklar uchun haddan tashqari xatarli bo\u2018lgan. An\u2019anaviy moliya institutlari daromadi yo\u2018q, yangi bozorlar bilan ishlovchi startaplarga kredit bermas edi. Shu sababli, g\u2018ayrioddiy biznes g\u2018oyalari faqat boy oilalar \u2014 Rokfeller<\/a>, Vanderbilt<\/a>, Whitney<\/a> va Warburg<\/a> kabi elitalarning xususiy investitsiyasi orqali hayotga tatbiq etilgan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu jarayonni institutsional bosqichga olib chiqqan ilk loyiha bu \u2014 ARDC<\/a> (American Research and Development Corporation) edi. Uni 1946-yilda George Doriot<\/a> asos solgan va u orqali Digital Equipment Corporation<\/a>\u2019ga sarmoya kiritilib, 11 yil ichida 500 barobar o\u2018sish qayd etilgan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Artur Rok: g\u2018oyadan oldin insonni tanlaydigan investor<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n

Artur Rok<\/a> 1926-yilda Nyu-York shtatidagi Rochester shahrida tug\u2018ilgan. Otasining kichik qandolat do\u2018konida ishlagan va bu yerda insonlarni tanish, ularga ishonch bildirish bo\u2018yicha hayotiy saboqlar olgan. Uning venchur kapitaldagi asosiy falsafasi:
«Men pulni g\u2018oyalarga emas, odamlarga sarmoya qilaman.»<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1957-yilda Rok, o\u2018sha paytda «Traitorous Eight» nomi bilan tanilgan Shockley Semiconductor<\/a>\u2019dan ajralib chiqqan muhandislarni birlashtirib, Fairchild Semiconductor<\/a> tashkil etilishiga moliyaviy ko\u2018mak ko\u2018rsatdi. Bu Kreniy vodiysining shakllanishida muhim burilish bo\u2018ldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Davis & Rock: mustaqil investitsiyaning boshlanishi<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n

1961-yilda Rok Kaliforniyaga ko\u2018chib o\u2018tadi va Thomas J. Davis Jr.<\/a> bilan birgalikda Davis & Rock<\/strong> nomli venchur kapital firmasiga asos soladi. Ular Teledyne<\/a> va Scientific Data Systems<\/a> kabi kompaniyalarga sarmoya kiritib, qisqa muddatda ulkan daromadga ega bo\u2018lishadi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Intel: qog\u2018ozsiz bitim va intuitsiyaga asoslangan qaror<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n

1968-yilga kelib, Robert Noyce<\/a> va Gordon Moore<\/a> Fairchild\u2019dan ajralib chiqib, yangi kompaniya tuzishni rejalashtiradi. Ular Rok\u2019dan yordam so\u2018raydi. Rok esa hech qanday biznes-rejasiz, faqat ularning shaxsiy fazilatlariga asoslanib, ikki kun ichida 2,5 million dollar sarmoya yig\u2018adi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yangi kompaniya avvaliga NM Electronics<\/strong> deb nomlanadi, biroq tez orada Integrated Electronics<\/strong>ga \u2014 ya\u2019ni Intel<\/a>ga aylantiriladi. Intel hozirgi kunda global texnologiya sanoatining ustunlaridan biridir. Rok esa bu qarorni quyidagicha izohlaydi:
\u201cBu men investitsiya  kiritgan yagona kompaniya edi, muvaffaqiyatiga 100% ishonganman.\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rokning Merosi: oddiylik, ishonch va intuitsiya<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Artur Rok hech qachon murakkab biznes rejalarga tayangan emas. U uchun eng muhim omil \u2014 bu insonlarning salohiyati va ularga bo\u2018lgan ishonch edi. U venchur kapitalni formal rasmiyatchiliklardan ko\u2018ra, insonlar bilan chin yurakdan ishlash san\u2019ati<\/strong> deb bilgan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bugun u Harvard Business School\u2019dagi Artur Rok Markazi orqali yuzlab startap asoschilari va investorlarni tarbiyalayapti. Uning yondashuvi hozir ham o\u2018z dolzarbligini yo\u2018qotmagan: inson \u2014 eng qimmatli aktiv.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qiziqarli faktlar<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Venchur kapital atamasi bilan bog\u2018liq \u2014 Rok \u201cventure capitalist\u201d atamasini kengroq tarqatganing uchun ko\u2018pchilik uni bu sohaning poydevorchilaridan biri deb hisoblaydi .<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u201cPeople, people, people\u201d yondashuvi \u2014 Rok startapni g\u2018oyadan ham ko\u2018ra uni amalga oshiradigan shaxslarga e\u2019tibor bilan sarmoya qiladi .<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Investitsiyalarda intuitsiyaga tayanadi \u2014 Uning \u201cincredible intuition\u201d (aql-idrokli sezim) so\u2018zlari asosida ko\u2018plab muvaffaqiyatga erishgan .<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 80\u201120 modeli \u2014 Fairchild\u2019ning \u201cTraitorous Eight\u201d guruhi uchun 10% aksiyalari, qolgan 20% esa Hayden Stone\u2019ga berilgan; bu keyinchalik VC modeliga aylangan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Qisqa memorandum yondashuvi \u2014 Intel uchun yozilgan biznes reja atigi 2\u202f\u00bd sahifa bo\u2018lib, u \u201cMagna Carta of venture capital\u201d sifatida tilga olinadi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Tayyorladi: Ismailova Laylo<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Venchur kapital nega kerak bo\u2018ldi? 1940\u201350-yillarda AQShda texnologik kompaniyalarni moliyalashtirish banklar uchun haddan tashqari xatarli bo\u2018lgan. An\u2019anaviy moliya institutlari daromadi yo\u2018q, yangi bozorlar bilan ishlovchi startaplarga kredit bermas edi. Shu sababli, g\u2018ayrioddiy biznes g\u2018oyalari faqat boy oilalar \u2014 Rokfeller, Vanderbilt, Whitney va Warburg kabi elitalarning xususiy investitsiyasi orqali hayotga tatbiq etilgan. Bu jarayonni institutsional bosqichga […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7892,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_override_bookmark_settings":[],"jnews_paywall_metabox":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_podcast_option":[],"jnews_podcast_series":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[121],"tags":[],"jnews-series":[],"class_list":["post-7894","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-venchur-kapitali"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7894","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7894"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7894\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7897,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7894\/revisions\/7897"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7892"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7894"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7894"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7894"},{"taxonomy":"jnews-series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/jnews-series?post=7894"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}