{"id":7917,"date":"2025-07-06T12:11:45","date_gmt":"2025-07-06T12:11:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/kremniy-vodiysi-qanday-boshlangan-xiyonatkor-sakkizlik-voqeasi\/"},"modified":"2025-07-06T12:14:40","modified_gmt":"2025-07-06T12:14:40","slug":"kremniy-vodiysi-qanday-boshlangan-xiyonatkor-sakkizlik-voqeasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/kremniy-vodiysi-qanday-boshlangan-xiyonatkor-sakkizlik-voqeasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kremniy vodiysi qanday boshlangan? \u201cXiyonatkor sakkizlik\u201d voqeasi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bugungi texnologik dunyoni shakllantirgan eng muhim tarixiy burilishlardan biri \u2014 sakkiz nafar muhandisning jasoratli qaroridir. 1957-yilda Shockley Semiconductor kompaniyasida faoliyat yuritgan sakkiz iqtidorli muhandis o\u2018z rahbari \u2014 Nobel mukofoti sovrindori Uilyam Shoklining despotik boshqaruv uslubidan norozi bo\u2018lib, o\u2018z kompaniyalarini yaratish uchun iste\u2019foga chiqdi. Shokli ularni \u00abXiyonatkor sakkizlik\u00bb deb atadi, ammo aynan ularning qarori bugungi <strong>Kremniy vodiysi<\/strong> texnoparkining boshlanishiga zamin yaratdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Fairchild Semiconductor: Sanoat inqilobiga ilk qadam<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu sakkizlik tomonidan tashkil etilgan <strong>Fairchild Semiconductor<\/strong> kompaniyasi sanoatda tub burilish yasadi. U yarim o\u2018tkazgich tranzistorlarni tijorat miqyosida ishlab chiqarishni yo\u2018lga qo\u2018ydi va tez orada katta muvaffaqiyatlarga erishdi. Dastlabki investitsiya esa Sharqiy qirg\u2018oqdagi <strong>Fairchild Camera and Instrument<\/strong> kompaniyasi tomonidan ta\u2019minlangan. Ammo bu bitim asoschilarga to\u2018liq nazorat va moliyaviy mustaqillikni bermadi \u2014 bu esa ichki ziddiyatlarga sabab bo\u2018ldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tarqalish va texnologik imperiya ildizlari<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Moliyaviy cheklovlar va boshqaruv muammolari sababli sakkizlik a\u2019zolari o\u2018z yo\u2018nalishlariga tarqaldi. Ular texnologik gigantlar va venchur fondlarga asos soldi \u2014 bugungi Kremniy vodiysining eng muhim institutlari ana shu qarordan vujudga keldi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eugene_Kleiner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Eugene Kleiner<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 <em>Kleiner Perkins<\/em> venchur fondiga asos soldi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gordon_Moore\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Gordon Moore<\/strong><\/a> va <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Robert_Noyce\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Robert Noyce<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 <em>Intel<\/em> kompaniyasini tashkil etdi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jerry_Sanders_(semiconductor_executive)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Jerry Sanders<\/strong><\/a> va <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edwin_Turney\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Edwin Turney<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 <em>AMD<\/em> kompaniyasiga asos soldi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Don_Valentine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Don Valentine<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 <em>National Semiconductor<\/em> va keyinchalik <em>Sequoia Capital<\/em>\u2019ni yaratdi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/photo_2_2025-07-06_17-10-43-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7914\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/photo_2_2025-07-06_17-10-43-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pivot.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/photo_2_2025-07-06_17-10-43-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pivot.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/photo_2_2025-07-06_17-10-43-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pivot.uz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/photo_2_2025-07-06_17-10-43.jpg 1048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ish madaniyati: Erkinlik, harakat va innovatsiya<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ushbu muhandislar nafaqat texnologik mahsulotlar ishlab chiqdi, balki Kaliforniyaning ishchi-huquqlariga asoslangan madaniy muhitni shakllantirdi. Bu madaniyat xodimlarning kompaniyalar o\u2018rtasida erkin harakatlanishiga, bilim va tajribalarning aylanmasiga asoslangan edi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu ekotizim uch asosiy afzallikni berdi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Yangi madaniyatlar shakllandi<\/strong> \u2013 Har bir kompaniya o\u2018z yondashuviga ega bo\u2018ldi: <em>Google<\/em> \u2014 miqyos, <em>Apple<\/em> \u2014 mukammallik, <em>Facebook<\/em> \u2014 tezlik.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Tajriba va texnik bilimlar qonuniy tarqaldi<\/strong> \u2013 Bu esa yangi startaplarga asos bo\u2018ldi.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kuchli rahbarlar yetishdi<\/strong> \u2013 O\u2018sayotgan kompaniyalarni 10 kishilik jamoalardan 50 kishilikgacha kengaytirishga qodir mutaxassislar vujudga keldi.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Xulosa: Innovatsion ekotizimning poydevori<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bugungi Kremniy vodiysi \u2014 o\u2018zaro almashinuv, jasoratli qarorlar va shaxsiy erkinlik asosida shakllangan tizimdir. Agar \u201cXiyonatkor sakkizlik\u201d bu qarorni qabul qilmaganida, ehtimol biz hozirgi texnologik taraqqiyot darajasiga erisha olmagan bo\u2018lardik. Ularning harakati \u2014 faqat bir necha kompaniya tarixining boshlanishi emas, balki butun dunyo innovatsion ekotizimi uchun asos bo\u2018ldi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bugungi texnologik dunyoni shakllantirgan eng muhim tarixiy burilishlardan biri \u2014 sakkiz nafar muhandisning jasoratli qaroridir. 1957-yilda Shockley Semiconductor kompaniyasida faoliyat yuritgan sakkiz iqtidorli muhandis o\u2018z rahbari \u2014 Nobel mukofoti sovrindori Uilyam Shoklining despotik boshqaruv uslubidan norozi bo\u2018lib, o\u2018z kompaniyalarini yaratish uchun iste\u2019foga chiqdi. Shokli ularni \u00abXiyonatkor sakkizlik\u00bb deb atadi, ammo aynan ularning qarori bugungi Kremniy [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":7913,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_override_bookmark_settings":[],"jnews_paywall_metabox":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_podcast_option":[],"jnews_podcast_series":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[116,121],"tags":[],"jnews-series":[],"class_list":["post-7917","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-startaplar","category-venchur-kapitali"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7917","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7917"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7917\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7920,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7917\/revisions\/7920"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7913"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7917"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7917"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7917"},{"taxonomy":"jnews-series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pivot.uz\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/jnews-series?post=7917"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}